The purpose of development cooperation is to foster the necessary conditions for establishing dynamic and representative governance structures capable of managing change and settling disputes by peaceful means and contributing to them. To this end, it must support the emergence of solid institutions within both civil society and the state apparatus.
In the last five years, in the face of rising destructive conflict and their multiple relations with endemic poverty, the donor community has shown a renewed interest in the impact that aid can have in conflict situations to prevent conflicts and security problems. When issues and security systems take precedence over political and economic mechanisms, this can result in serious distortions in the distribution of state resources.
The action of aid agencies and other bodies in OECD countries, instead of helping to alleviate security problems, sometimes only exacerbates them indirectly, especially in “failed” or war-ravaged countries where the balance of power between the civilian and military sectors is particularly skewed. The link between security concerns and development efforts, therefore, merits further examination.
The idea that security issues are fundamentally in the military sphere is giving way to a new conception. The emphasis that was once placed on the security of the territory, which could only be ensured by a powerful army capable of defending itself against any outside attacker challenging national sovereignty, now turns on security and welfare. To be people and on power and peace to discount a predictable path of sustainable development. The concept of state security has been broadened to extend to the safety of individuals (or “human security” to use the terminology of the United Nations Development Program).
The resultant developmental consequences of this are giving rise to growing questions, as is the extent to which security sector actors (military, paramilitary, police, intelligence services, private militia) affect security conditions. By opening or closing prospects for peace and social and economic progress, people in developing and transition countries open or close prospects for peace and social and economic progress.
The degree of involvement of security sector actors in the political, judicial, and prison systems and their attitudes to the rule of law contribute to shaping the overall security system. In general, the capacity of civilians within the public administration and civil society to supervise and control these security actors must also be given due consideration. The business community’s influence on security issues, security sector actors, and the entire security system is also becoming a growing concern.
The complex political crises that have marked the last decades, most of whose victims were civilians, have led the donor community to engage in conflict prevention and intervene in the implementation of peace agreements. And to launch reconstruction activities. Security forces in OECD countries, be it the military or other elements, have increasingly been called upon to participate in peacekeeping and humanitarian relief operations.
Actions by the donor community and other actors have tended to converge traditional activities in support of development and poverty alleviation, on the one hand, and efforts to build peace and reconstruction, on the other hand. Closer collaboration has now been established between the various actors involved in the administration of each OECD country. Such consensus-building was once unthinkable because development and security officials in OECD governments pursued parallel or even opposing policy objectives because their focus was on their area of expertise.
Often, the public authorities of OECD countries and partner countries cannot deal with problems and launch concrete activities in an area that tends to take as a “horizontal” nature or “transverse.” Ideally, all ministries and government departments should reach a broad consensus on the security issues to be considered in the relationship with a particular partner country and the problems that arise from it, and the role of returning to everyone regarding security and development.
Preventing conflicts brings together the guidelines developed in 1997. The guidelines formulated in 2001 by the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) provide the first mapping of security issues, competing for theories and innovative methods to promote smooth operation. Security systems. It is encouraging that security issues were addressed in 2000 and 2001 by the United Nations Security Council, the United Nations Secretary-General, and the G8. That said, the international community is only just beginning to realize the adjustments it must make to adapt to the new concept of security, leading both to the state’s indispensable and mutually reinforcing security. And the safety of people.
As a result, the action is rarely taken from a global perspective, and cooperation between government services remains sporadic. Aid agencies tend to favor piecemeal interventions based on what is feasible in the short term. Even when acting in a more general perspective, their interventions in security-related areas are likely to remain subject to a host of other concerns expressed by other national, among others, strategic or commercial geopolitical interests. Policy coherence is essential.
The book entitled Preventing violent conflict: what means of action? This report sets out a broad conceptual framework to examine the role that development cooperation can play in assisting countries in addressing security challenges and managing them through, among other things, reform of their governance structures, including the judiciary and prison systems and security forces, to facilitate the identification of the mechanisms needed to develop a coherent country-wide approach. Such an approach would ensure that the different measures taken by the different actors are constructive and all contribute to the achievement of shared objectives. It should make it possible in part to avoid duplication and conflicting decisions.
The focus here is primarily on enhancing policy coherence within and across OECD countries to provide a more comprehensive and effective international response to the issues raised by the OECD. Security management requires the analysis of various security systems approaches, challenges and problems, and the development of appropriate reform measures.
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