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Today, business accounting is one of the significant challenges many constructors face in the construction industry. Construction companies are associated with laborers and costs, material costs, overhead expenses, project completion time, and other supplier-related costs. These all require business accounting management to run and build the project efficiently with little expense without compromising on quality. You can only achieve this success with the help of Chartered Public Accountants (CPAs).

Chartered public accountants (CPAs) specialize in construction accounting and know how to plan successfully for the construction business. CPAs help contractors complete the entire project without burden. They tell the constructor which projects are profitable and how much expense will be generated, and they provide the whole statement, which includes financial reporting to complete the project.

 

Working with a construction-oriented CPA is a golden chance for a construction company to win several profitable projects with the projection of cash flows. A constructor can quickly obtain the needed line of credit with surety for large and long-term projects by the guidance of CPAs who know how well and are experts in getting maximum credit from financial institutes. Meanwhile, many construction companies face the problem of how and where to invest and the selection of projects. Hence, an experienced CPA solves this problem as CPAs decide on investment and selection through capital budgeting tools and by looking into past financial information reports.

However, if you want to know the golden benefits of CPAs, stay focused. Here is a list of the benefits that you need to know.

Successful Financial Advice 

Please stay connected with CPAs as they evaluate and analyze the company’s internal procedures and finance-related functions to assess where the problem exists or how much betterment is still required. They also help you understand your company’s financial statements and interim or quarterly-based financial reporting. As experts in construction accounting, they advise tackling resources efficiently, limiting expenses, and controlling costs.

 We will guide you to minimize your current and future taxes through different strategies and cash flow management, such as how much cash you need in your hand during the project completion process. After an analytical calculation on capital budgeting, we will select the project, which helps the constructor with selection criteria and gives an idea about the profit percentage. These are all core things that the constructor needs to know before getting the project.

Helps to Obtain Bond and Line of Credit

Construction CPAs understand well what financial institutes and bond sureties’ companies would see in your financial statements to give you credit. To earn the confidence of the surety bond company, CPA prepares a financial report with pertinent information and a good personal credit score before underwriting a surety bond. If needed, they guide you to structure large transactions if you want to invest in a capital asset such as equipment or machinery or wish for debt financing to heighten the bonding credit line.

Update Overdue and Collect Overdue Receivables 

Many construction companies have done the whole project without taking a single penny from the owner. This sometimes implies that the constructor is using overhead money, which is already outdated from the aggregate impact of many small businesses, which will increase the overhead expense. So, it is the responsibility of the CPA to make an accurate report, keep an eye on overhead costs, and record it in the information to build the trust of owners in the constructor.

CPA holds weekly meetings for project payments until they collect the entire amount. They notify the project owner if the due date exceeds the payment date. They try every viable way to recover receivables as soon as possible.

High Chances to Win Project Bids 

The public construction project is highly profitable and challenging to manage as it requires special bond surety. However, bidding on the general scheme is done through a unique process where several competitive contractors and their sub-contractors put every effort into winning the bid. But if you work with CPAs, they know very well about winning-bid tricks as it is a highly burdensome process in which you cannot afford a single mistake in your financial statements and accounting records. Only a construction expert CPA helps you avoid disqualification and ensure the bid meets your job requirements.

About Complete Controller® – America’s Bookkeeping Experts Complete Controller is the Nation’s Leader in virtual bookkeeping, providing service to businesses and households alike. Utilizing Complete Controller’s technology, clients gain access to a cloud platform where their QuickBooks™️ file, critical financial documents, and back-office tools are hosted in an efficient SSO environment. Complete Controller’s team of certified US-based accounting professionals provide bookkeeping, record storage, performance reporting, and controller services including training, cash-flow management, budgeting and forecasting, process and controls advisement, and bill-pay. With flat-rate service plans, Complete Controller is the most cost-effective expert accounting solution for business, family-office, trusts, and households of any size or complexity.

Like everything else, an accounting cycle also has a specific time when a business owner must close it down. This is a necessary step in keeping a company’s accounting system free from complexities, but not all business owners understand this.

Closing an accounting cycle helps you smooth out any wrinkles and define the balances left at the end of the process. It allows you to stay coordinated with all the stakeholders.

When you begin closing an accounting cycle, you must follow specific steps. It would be best to go about it systematically to avoid any inconveniences later. But before jumping into that topic, we must first understand an accounting cycle.

What is an Accounting Cycle?

An accounting cycle records all the company’s financial data saved, analyzed, and recorded over time. In an accounting cycle, all the data, including payrolls, investments, payments to be made, profits, and any losses the business may have sustained in a specified period.

It assists a business owner in identifying all transactions revolving around the business, helping them analyze them, sort them out, and highlight the trial balance. Keeping the company’s finances clean and clear through an accounting cycle would allow the business owner far more than they can imagine.

Closing an Accounting Cycle and Why It Is Important 

The process of closing all accounting entries begins once an accounting cycle ends. Each accounting cycle stays in use for a specific amount of time before it is time to bring it to a conclusion. The job of closing entries is to clear out any dues and balances before a new cycle begins.

Clearing any due payments means that the balances are presented clearly, so no doubts are left in the equation. Closing an accounting cycle is one of the essential parts of having a successful accounts system for your business. Although accounting is based on sorting and keeping the finances organized, clearing dues and balances is an equally major step that would keep the company in excellent financial health.

Closing entries also highlight the company’s progress. Once the cycle is closed, all remittances are calculated, which can then be compared to the past year. It would be vital for the business owner to conduct their expenses if they know their company’s performance.

Steps to Close an Account Manually

1. The first step in closing entries for an accounting cycle is for the accountant or business owner to identify and locate all the revenue accounts under the company’s name.
2. Once located and identified, the accountant must calculate each entry made in the accounting journals for each account so that you can calculate the credit and trail balance.
3. At this step, the accountant is expected to return the accounts to zero credit so that you can clear the report.
4. The next step would be to locate all accounts that deal with expenses. Once these accounts have been discovered, as with the revenue accounts, the accountant must calculate each entry for all the expense accounts to bring the credit down to zero.
5. The calculations then move towards the income summary accounts. If there is a credit balance by the time the charges are cleared, that would mean that the company has profited. But if the balance is in deficit, the company has suffered a loss during that cycle.
6. Finally, the accountant must turn their attention towards the dividend as well as the savings accounts. Once these have been cleared, the company’s net income can be calculated.

Let the Software Do the Job

With the world undergoing a technological revolution, life has never been easier. Companies now invest in accounting and financial software to cater to their needs. The software does the job without making you go through the hassle of all the calculations, making the situation complex. Now is the time to invest in accounting software to make the job easier and save you the cost of employing an accountant.

Conclusion

In conclusion, closing an accounting cycle is crucial for maintaining financial clarity and organization. It ensures that all dues and balances are cleared, highlighting the company’s progress and aiding in better decision-making. Streamlining this process, whether through manual steps or software solutions, is essential for business success in the modern era. 

About Complete Controller® – America’s Bookkeeping Experts Complete Controller is the Nation’s Leader in virtual bookkeeping, providing service to businesses and households alike. Utilizing Complete Controller’s technology, clients gain access to a cloud platform where their QuickBooks™️ file, critical financial documents, and back-office tools are hosted in an efficient SSO environment. Complete Controller’s team of certified US-based accounting professionals provide bookkeeping, record storage, performance reporting, and controller services including training, cash-flow management, budgeting and forecasting, process and controls advisement, and bill-pay. With flat-rate service plans, Complete Controller is the most cost-effective expert accounting solution for business, family-office, trusts, and households of any size or complexity.

As a business owner, you expect your employees to maximize profit on their total efficiency. Unfortunately, employees are stuck sitting in front of a computer entering data, checking, and rechecking the entered data, and managing that data for hours on end, which not only prevents them from working on their total efficiency but also wastes time that could have been used elsewhere and helped the business. Managing a company’s finances can be a challenging and time-consuming task, especially when doing it manually. 

Therefore, you need accounting software for your business. Accounting software helps you track and record your company’s money as it flows in and out of your accounts and examines your financial condition. Accounting software programs reduce employees’ time entering the data into the system and make tasks like invoicing, report generation, inventory management, and tracking expenses effortless. Here are a few reasons to use an accounting software program for your business.

Automated Invoicing and Payments

Creating invoices can be exhausting for employees, considering most businesses have to make hundreds of invoices, many of which are recurring. Accounting software programs let you automate invoicing and payments. Payments can be processed quickly, reminders can be sent to vendors or customers for their pending charges and unpaid invoices, and digital fees can be tracked. Automated invoicing and payment can cut down on critical business time.

Maintain Control of Finances

Accounting software stores and organizes a company’s data in one place and lets you get a complete view of your company’s financial performance in real time. Instead of using Excel to create a financial statement, you can now use accounting software that includes all the relevant templates. You can easily automate your accounts for you, which is time-saving and eliminates human error.

Report Generation and Analysis

You can integrate your online accounting software with your business bank accounts, enabling you to track expenses, sales, and inventory. You can also generate reports like cash flow, balance sheets, and income statements. Another example of report generation is preparing each employee’s attendance sheet; this will save the time spent preparing the attendance sheets manually.

Inventory Management

Running out of a hot-selling product can be a nightmare for a business. At the same time, ordering products already languished on the shelves will be a waste of money. You need to track your sales and inventory and make sure you do not run out of a hot-selling product, as being sold out of a currently in-demand will leave a wrong impression on the customers.

Accounting software can help with that. Accounting software tracks sales and inventory and can automate ordering to avoid stock falling below the safety margin. It can also generate reports on which product is doing well and track all the products sold. It will prevent a business from being sold out of a product that is doing well and hoarding a product that is not doing well.

Track Expenses

Accounting software programs can automate expense tracking and track the cash flow from your bank accounts. It can also scan and record receipts, preventing any cash flow shortage.

Easy Collaboration

When you use accounting software, all your financial statements are organized in one location and are up to date. It includes scanned receipts, tracked inventory, balance sheets, cash flow statements, and tax forms. All employees must log in to the software and access up-to-date information to access this information. Moreover, many employees can work on the software simultaneously without getting in each other’s way. It will also be easier for employees and accountants to collaborate when everyone can access the data in real time.

Around-the-clock Access

All accounting software requires is an internet connection. If you have a good internet connection, you can access your account and sales, accept payments, and generate reports whenever you want and wherever you are. You will always have access to the software.

Conclusion

In conclusion, adopting accounting software streamlines financial management boosts efficiency, and empowers businesses to make informed decisions. Overall, with automated processes, real-time insights, and easy collaboration, accounting software becomes vital in driving growth and success for businesses of all sizes.

About Complete Controller® – America’s Bookkeeping Experts Complete Controller is the Nation’s Leader in virtual bookkeeping, providing service to businesses and households alike. Utilizing Complete Controller’s technology, clients gain access to a cloud platform where their QuickBooks™️ file, critical financial documents, and back-office tools are hosted in an efficient SSO environment. Complete Controller’s team of certified US-based accounting professionals provide bookkeeping, record storage, performance reporting, and controller services including training, cash-flow management, budgeting and forecasting, process and controls advisement, and bill-pay. With flat-rate service plans, Complete Controller is the most cost-effective expert accounting solution for business, family-office, trusts, and households of any size or complexity.

The assets convertible into cash without the slightest decrease in market price is a company’s liquidity cash. Running a business sounds great, but it is a bed of thrones equally decorated with benefits and drawbacks. Moreover, a precise evaluation of a company’s liquidity is vital because a decline in liquidity leads to a higher chance of bankruptcy. 

A company without revenue is as motionless as a paralyzed person. Liquidity is an imperative factor for a business to operate successfully. Financiers and bankers traditionally look to the company’s financial and balance statement to estimate the synchronous or expeditious ratio to gauge liquidity. However, another lesser-known metric is the cash conversion cycle (CCC), sometimes called the net operating cycle.

The cash conversion cycle is a metric that calculates the number of days or time required for a company to convert its investment into valuable assets and merchandise from the generated sales. Although, you can calculate the cash conversion cycle by employing the following:

• How long does it take to promote and sell your business goods?
• How quickly can you gather accounts receivable?
• What is the turnaround time for reimbursing bills payable?

Three factors are involved with each cash conversion cycle:

Day’s Inventory Outstanding (DIO)

DIO is the average time required for a company to convert its merchandise into competitive market goods and then sell them in the market. Overall, the calculation of DIO is uncomplicated. You must exert the aggregate of your inventory, divide it by the cost of goods sold, and multiply it by 365.

Day’s Sales Outstanding (DSO)

DSO is the average number of days required to collect your account receivables. To calculate the DSO, take the average of the days needed to manage the receivables of the amount, divide it by the net credit sales, and multiply it by 365.

Days Payable Outstanding (DPO)

DPO involves the average number of days required for your business to purchase merchandise from vendors and then make their receivables. Moreover, the end amount received is divided by the cost of sold goods and 365.

You can calculate the Cash Conversion Cycle of your company using the following basic formula given below:

CCC = DIO+DSO−DPO

Here:

• DIO = Days of inventory outstanding (also known as days sales of inventory)
• DSO = Day’s sales outstanding
• DPO = Day’s payables outstanding

​ 

Importance of Cash Conversion Cycle

Estimation of the Cash Liquidity

The cash conversion cycle’s prime focus is its crucial role in estimating a business’s financial condition and credit health. Overall, the entire process has also been proven to detect any industry’s liquidity and goods assessments.

Low Cash Conversion Cycle

A low or negative cash conversion cycle indicates that you are working very well in converting your investment to merchandise and later into revenue. Furthermore, it also proves that you are striving competently.

High Cash Conversion Cycle

A too-high or positive cash conversion cycle indicates that your business is struggling with operational issues and that market demand for your product is rapidly declining. 

Estimation of Cash That You Can Ask for Lending

The cash conversion cycle is critical because it is a step ahead in providing ease to business owners despite countless downsides. Overall, this cycle helps to evaluate the amount of cash you can borrow from the lenders to score higher in the corporate world. 

To Maintain the Cash Collection Method of the Company

Internal management is the base of a sustainable and profit-generating business. Therefore, the Cash Conversion Cycle maintains the company’s core aspects and helps adjust lenders’ credit statements.
Sum-up

The cash conversion cycle estimates the time required for the production and sales process before it gets changed into cash received. The conversion of each net dollar is linked to CCC. Overall, the calculation of CCC involves three main steps, as it involves the aggregate time spent in the entire process of liquidity of cash of a successfully operating business.

About Complete Controller® – America’s Bookkeeping Experts Complete Controller is the Nation’s Leader in virtual bookkeeping, providing service to businesses and households alike. Utilizing Complete Controller’s technology, clients gain access to a cloud platform where their QuickBooks™️ file, critical financial documents, and back-office tools are hosted in an efficient SSO environment. Complete Controller’s team of certified US-based accounting professionals provide bookkeeping, record storage, performance reporting, and controller services including training, cash-flow management, budgeting and forecasting, process and controls advisement, and bill-pay. With flat-rate service plans, Complete Controller is the most cost-effective expert accounting solution for business, family-office, trusts, and households of any size or complexity.

All businesses operating in a market face fraud at least once. Sometimes, even businesses commit fraud when paying taxes, providing financial information to investors, or advertising false images of their products. They do this to decrease their costs of taxes, attract investors, and trick consumers into buying their products to increase their sales revenue. According to the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE), businesses lose around five percent of their funds or payments from fraud. The types of scams a business faces are as follows:

Inventory Theft

A business can face inventory theft from the employees in the industry. The company’s employees steal the inventory existing in the industry without paying for it. 

Expense Account Theft

Employees may record their expenses in the company’s expenses account and could represent them as the business’s expenses.

Cash Theft

Some employees steal the cash existing in the industry or may not record revenue and take the money themselves. 

Commission Fraud

Some employees could overstate their sales to gain more commission than they are supposed to earn.

Money Fraud

Sometimes, even the customers perform imitations. This type of fraud includes customers using counterfeit and fake receipts or bills to exchange or purchase.

Fraud Warning Signs

Due to multiple types of fraud occurring within a business, detecting or identifying them becomes difficult, so they face unnecessary or unknown losses. Sometimes, business authorities even fail to recognize the signs of fraud and ignore the source of the losses they face. At the same time, it is imperative to identify and acknowledge these frauds. Here are a few warning signs indicating your business is facing fraud.

Unbalanced Cash Accounts

When the cash accounts are not balanced, bookkeepers or accountants understand irrecoverable debts and record the unbalanced amount in those ledgers to balance out the debit and credit at the end of the calculations of all the transactions in the double-entry system. If your Accountant or bookkeeper is not even trying to identify the bad or irrecoverable debt, it could mean that they are stealing or committing fraud.

Protests Over Strict Rules and Having a Reporting System

Some businesses set up an anonymous reporting system to ask employees to report suspicious activity or fraud without revealing their identity. If some employees are unwilling to follow these practices and rules, then it is time to monitor them and observe their activities to detect any suspicious activity.

Signs of Over-efficiency

Suppose employees take up all the tasks for themselves and do not let other workers perform them. In that case, it could be a giant red flag for you that they are not trying to be productive but hiding their questionable acts. 

Track Down the Expenditure of Your Workers

Suppose your employee(s) is spending on expensive materials like cars and properties, which cost more than they are being paid. In that case, you must run a background check on them and interrogate how they can afford such expensive purchases. This could indicate that your worker is stealing money or committing any other fraud in the business.

Unusual Prohibitive Costs or Expenses

Suppose you notice a sudden increase in your costs and fees without a solid explanation or reasoning. In that case, it could mean someone on your staff is overstating the expenses or stating their costs in your business’s costs account. If partners run your business, then they can also commit this fraud. 

Secret Agreements with Suppliers or Customers

Sometimes, the employees dealing with the third party, such as suppliers and customers, make deals with them. They let the suppliers overcharge the business and then take a percentage of their gain. They may also give “discounts” to customers by agreeing with them to pay a part of their payment to the worker.

Conclusion

In conclusion, detecting and preventing business fraud is crucial for safeguarding a company’s financial integrity and reputation. With various types of fraud posing threats, it’s essential to remain vigilant and proactive. By recognizing warning signs, implementing robust internal controls, and fostering a culture of transparency and accountability, businesses can mitigate the risk of fraud and protect their assets. Regular monitoring, thorough investigations, and adherence to ethical standards are vital for ensuring business integrity and long-term success.

About Complete Controller® – America’s Bookkeeping Experts Complete Controller is the Nation’s Leader in virtual bookkeeping, providing service to businesses and households alike. Utilizing Complete Controller’s technology, clients gain access to a cloud platform where their QuickBooks™️ file, critical financial documents, and back-office tools are hosted in an efficient SSO environment. Complete Controller’s team of certified US-based accounting professionals provide bookkeeping, record storage, performance reporting, and controller services including training, cash-flow management, budgeting and forecasting, process and controls advisement, and bill-pay. With flat-rate service plans, Complete Controller is the most cost-effective expert accounting solution for business, family-office, trusts, and households of any size or complexity.

Money’s worth over time is closely related to time itself. Thus, it is proper to claim that the longer a period, the greater the activity of external agents or even the effect of macroeconomic variables on the purchasing power of a particular currency. Inflation contained in any system of a capitalist economy is a determining factor in the relationship between money and time, as a given amount of money in March of one year does not have the same purchasing value in March of the following year:

1. There is a need to consider the inflation rates in the capital during this period. Another simplified way to understand this fact is to think that the inflation rate that occurred in the period increased the prices of goods.
2. The external environment strongly influences the value of money over time, as it is an external macroeconomic factor that organizations or people cannot control.
3. Interest influences the value of money.

They are applied, whether through an investment that makes it pay off, the cost of raising it, or even the opportunity cost, when not invested. Interest, simply put, is the “rent” paid for the use of money. For lenders, interest is compensation for transferring the usufruct of capital. Already stop through an investment that makes it pay off, the cost of raising it, or even the opportunity cost when it is not invested. Interest, simply put, is the “rent” paid for the use of money. For lenders, interest is compensation for transferring the usufruct of capital.

To completely comprehend personal and commercial finance, you must first understand one of the most fundamental ideas in financial mathematics: the time value of money. The primary goal of financial mathematics is to learn and use the notion of the time value of money in economic choices. Financial decisions, in turn, primarily concern the allocation of income and costs across time.

A machine acquisition, for example, entails an initial expenditure in equipment, molds, support structure, and installation, in addition to the working capital required to run the business. The income streams arising from the sale of the items produced and their related manufacturing expenses are then shown.

There may also be initial inflows in the form of financial contributions from bank financing and monthly disbursements for amortization and interest payments. However, as a result, resource disbursements and inflows are dispersed throughout time.

Explain why interest is paid or gained by saying: Interest on a bank deposit or debt compensates the depositor or creditor for the deterioration of money’s value over time.

A Practical Example of the Time Value of Money

Let’s say the price of gasoline today is $3.50 per liter. So, with $ 140.00 today, we can fill our car with 40 liters of gasoline (140.00/3.50).

If, in 1 year, gasoline costs $4.00 per liter. We have two options: fill up less fuel, 35 liters (140.00/4.00), or pay more for the same amount.

We then concluded that the expectation of an increase in fuel resulted in a loss in our purchasing power. But, again, this is inflation; in this case, we have a price increase of around 14.29% (from $3.50 to $4.00).

Also, according to this case, whether we have $140.00 today or $160.00 1 year from now, we say they are equivalent amounts because they have the same purchasing power.

But let’s assume the price of gasoline remains the same one year from now or inflation equals zero. Does it matter if I have $140.00 today, one year from now?

Of course not, as we can invest this money, which will earn interest and have a higher value in 1 year.

If we have an investment at the simple interest that yields 2% per month on top of the amount of $140.00, we could say that if my opportunity cost was 2% a month (at simple interest) and zero inflation, for us, it’s as little as $140.00 today or $173.60 a year from now.

About Complete Controller® – America’s Bookkeeping Experts Complete Controller is the Nation’s Leader in virtual bookkeeping, providing service to businesses and households alike. Utilizing Complete Controller’s technology, clients gain access to a cloud platform where their QuickBooks™️ file, critical financial documents, and back-office tools are hosted in an efficient SSO environment. Complete Controller’s team of certified US-based accounting professionals provide bookkeeping, record storage, performance reporting, and controller services including training, cash-flow management, budgeting and forecasting, process and controls advisement, and bill-pay. With flat-rate service plans, Complete Controller is the most cost-effective expert accounting solution for business, family-office, trusts, and households of any size or complexity.

What is Debt?

Debt, or gross debt of the general government (DBGG), is released monthly by the Central Bank and is formed by the liabilities of the Union, states, and municipalities (general government). Based on statistics released by the BC, for educational purposes, we can group these liabilities into four components: securities debt, repurchase agreements, bank debt, and others, as well as external debt.

The securities debt refers to bonds issued by the National Treasury, such as those used to invest through the Treasury Direct. Repurchase operations are a liability of the Central Bank, used to implement monetary policy. Bank debt refers to debt with banks, especially those of States and Municipalities, such as in operations with BNDES. Finally, external debt refers to bonds issued by the Union abroad and loans from foreign banks taken out by the States.

Each of these components has its dynamics. For example, the Treasury manages the securities debt through bonds with different indexes and maturities. In addition, external debt is referenced in foreign currency, while bank debt has a considerable portion indexed to the TJLP. Understanding these characteristics allows you to project deficits more accurately.

According to the latest figures released in May 2017, gross debt reached $4,634 billion. If we look closely, the first two components (securities debt and repurchase agreements) are by far the most significant, representing around 90% of gross debt. As a proportion of GDP, as it is usually presented, the DBGG was 72.5%, the highest value in the historical series.

 

Net Debt Net

Debt, in turn, refers to the net public sector debt (DLSP) and is also disclosed monthly by the Central Bank. It is a concept that subtracts financial assets from public sector obligations. The main assets are international reserves and Treasury credits to BNDES.

What is Equity?

Equity or working capital is the total resources the company needs to conduct its daily activities, that is, to rotate. In other words, it represents the assets that the company owns and that can convert into capital within the short term, such as, for example, cash on hand, accounts receivable, bank account balance, goods, and financial investments.

 

 

It is essential to consider that working capital is the portion resulting from the difference between the company’s money and the money you should use to pay off debts, whether they consist of fixed expenses, expenses necessary for marketing, and provision of services or other extra costs.

Why Control this Feature?

If the company keeps reasonable control of its finances and knows exactly how much working capital it has, it can:

Know the best time to buy and the deadlines it can take — avoiding mismatches in payments and receipts.

• Pay short-term bills to keep cash positive
• Keep asset accounts and liability accounts in proper balance
• Meet the needs of conducting operational activities
• Allow the growth of wealth in the company in the long term
• What are the risks of poor working capital control

Operational risks increase when working with low working capital, leaving the company susceptible to negative cash, which compromises the smooth running of activities.

With inefficient working capital management and inadequate financial planning, entrepreneurs often resort to banks and take out loans and financing to cover the business’s debts. However, by resorting to this strategy, businesses are vulnerable to banks and tend to negotiate in an unfavorable position; they are forced to agree to adverse terms and contracts, which will place the company in an even more damaging situation.

 

How to Calculate Working Capital?

Before performing any calculations, you must have some information at the tip of your pencil. The teller and bank accounts represent the most important resources as they are concentrated and immediately available to the company.

Accounts receivables are also included in the working capital calculation. They are the result of installment sales, in which payment occurs later. The greater the value and the term you offer the consumer, the more resources the company will need to cover accounts receivable while this money does not enter the box

Another essential account that needs to be considered is the value of the stock, as its modification is linked to changes and needs in the consumer’s profile in the market. As investment in inventory demands a large number of financial resources, since changes involve constant investments and an increase in the number of items available, it is necessary to pay attention to the resources available for this – otherwise, the business runs the risk of incurring debt.

For the calculation of working capital, there is a simple formula that you can adapt for any business:

CGL = AC – PC

About Complete Controller® – America’s Bookkeeping Experts Complete Controller is the Nation’s Leader in virtual bookkeeping, providing service to businesses and households alike. Utilizing Complete Controller’s technology, clients gain access to a cloud platform where their QuickBooks™️ file, critical financial documents, and back-office tools are hosted in an efficient SSO environment. Complete Controller’s team of certified US-based accounting professionals provide bookkeeping, record storage, performance reporting, and controller services including training, cash-flow management, budgeting and forecasting, process and controls advisement, and bill-pay. With flat-rate service plans, Complete Controller is the most cost-effective expert accounting solution for business, family-office, trusts, and households of any size or complexity.

1. Business liability insurance

Most starting entrepreneurs take out business liability insurance. You probably already have private liability insurance. But when you accidentally drop your cup of coffee over a laptop at your client or when you visit a customer, that is not enough. It would help if you had business liability insurance to cover the damage you cause from your company to people or property belonging to someone else. Some companies even require business liability insurance if you start working there as a self-employed person.

Additional professional liability insurance is essential in advisory services

For example, a wrong decision or advice can have significant consequences if you work as an architect, engineer, lawyer, marketing advisor, or accountant. Due to a simple calculation error or mistake, your client can suffer a loss or miss turnover. You can be held liable for such a professional error, with significant financial consequences for your company. With professional liability insurance as a supplement to your business liability insurance, you ensure these risks are covered.

Start in the building, think in addition to a Construction Allrisk (CAR) insurance

You, e.g., a contractor, have a home repair business, or are you fitter? With Construction Allrisk (CAR) insurance, in addition to your business liability insurance, you are insured for damage to the construction. For example, due to a storm. You are also guaranteed for damage to:

• Building materials that you use to build an object.
• Auxiliary materials, such as scaffolding, tools, and construction chains.
• Your client’s property will be affected if the renovation work causes damage.

2. Business legal expenses insurance

Most starters also take out business legal assistance insurance. Many starters think that insurance for legal expenses is only valid in a legal conflict. But did you know this can happen if your customer does not pay your bill? Unfortunately, your private legal expenses insurance does not offer legal assistance with business matters. With business insurance or legal aid, you do get this help. You pay a monthly premium precisely tailored to your profession and your risk.

3. Inventory insurance

There is a good option that you have purchased equipment, machines, or other business assets for your work. You cover theft, burglary, fire, hail, storm, and water damage with inventory insurance.

Have you bought or rented commercial property and want to ensure your inventory? Then, it would be best if you had inventory insurance. Do you work from home? Then, inquire whether your private household insurance also provides your business inventory at home. And if so, up to what amount? Not every insurer distinguishes between your personal household effects and your business inventory. For example, the private Interpolis All in One Policy® ensures that the business inventory is up to $25,000. But that does not apply to every insurer. If your household insurance is insufficient, you can separate inventory insurance.

Portable electronic equipment, such as smartphones, laptops, and tablets, are often uninsured outside your business premises. You need additional insurance so that this electronic equipment is properly insured. Most insurers, including Interpolis, take out this insurance to supplement the inventory insurance.

4. Inventory insurance

Private household insurance does not ensure business stock. So, it would be best to have stock insurance for that, especially if you have business premises or rent a space to store your inventory. But it would help if you also had stock insurance at home or in your garage because home contents insurance does not cover that.

5. Business car insurance

Business liability insurance is mandatory for purchasing a car or delivery van in your company’s name. If the car or van is in your name, you can also ensure it privately. Note: Most insurers have a limit for business use. Business car insurance is mandatory if you drive more miles, even if you bought the (delivery) car privately. So, ask this carefully to avoid discussion afterward in the event of damage.

About Complete Controller® – America’s Bookkeeping Experts Complete Controller is the Nation’s Leader in virtual bookkeeping, providing service to businesses and households alike. Utilizing Complete Controller’s technology, clients gain access to a cloud platform where their QuickBooks™️ file, critical financial documents, and back-office tools are hosted in an efficient SSO environment. Complete Controller’s team of certified US-based accounting professionals provide bookkeeping, record storage, performance reporting, and controller services including training, cash-flow management, budgeting and forecasting, process and controls advisement, and bill-pay. With flat-rate service plans, Complete Controller is the most cost-effective expert accounting solution for business, family-office, trusts, and households of any size or complexity.

A tax return is a form filed with a tax authority that records income, expenditures, and other relevant tax-related information. Tax return allows taxpayers to determine their tax liability, schedule tax payments, or ask for refunds for the overpayments of taxes. In many states, tax returns are filed annually for an individual or an organization with reportable income, including salaries, wages, interest, dividends, or other profits.

Understanding Tax Returns

In many countries, tax returns are filed by linking with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) or the local tax collection agency. Prepare tax returns using prescribed forms by the IRS or other applicable authorities. Typically, a tax return starts with the taxpayer (the business owner) providing official information, including filing status and dependent data.

Categories of a Tax Return

Generally, a tax return contains three major categories where a business owner can report the revenue and determine reductions for which you’re eligible.

Revenue

The revenue section of a tax return lists all sources of official income. The W-2 form is the most common method of reporting—however, records of employee’s salaries, wages, dividends, and capital gains.

Reductions

Reductions decrease tax liability. Tax reductions vary considerably among the authorities, but typical examples involve contributions to retirement savings strategies and interest deductions on some loans. For businesses, most expenditures directly related to business activities are deductible. Taxpayers might itemize deductions or utilize the standard deduction for their filing status. After completing the subtraction process, taxpayers can calculate their tax rate based on their adjusted gross revenue.

Tax credit

Tax credit refers to the amount of cash that balances tax liabilities. Like reductions, these are mainly various among the authorities. However, credits are often assigned to the pensions of retired employees.

After reporting revenue, reductions, and credit, the end of the return recognizes the amount the taxpayer owes or the amount of tax overpayment. Overpaid tax might result in a refund of next year’s taxes.

Requirements for Filing a Tax Return

The average ratio of taxpayers has a few feasible options for filing a tax return. Business owners with a sound income and experienced employees can also file their taxes online. The online services are quicker and budget-friendly compared to the conventional ones.

The other option is to hire a professional tax preparer for this purpose. Tax professionals will ensure that you maximize your deductions and have to bear the minimum tax burden. Here’s a list of four significant pointers regarding tax preparation.

Identification

The first step is identification; any identification document would be enough. It can be a photograph or a legal copy of your company. However, a social security card is mandatory for tax return preparation. Married business owners require their spouse’s signature on the tax return before submitting it to the IRS.

Income evidence

The purpose of income tax is to inspect your business earnings and focus on other sources of your earnings, including investments and properties. Different revenue types incur different tax rates, and some of them won’t get taxed at all. Having an official income statement from all the sources is mandatory, and you must bring them to the place of tax preparation.

Expense evidence

Every taxpayer is allowed a standardized deduction. Still, if you want to diminish the tax burden, provide material documents about your business expenses during tax preparation. For this purpose, you must always secure your cash receipts as proof of the costs.

The evidence of unexpected losses

If a business owner has encountered unexpected losses and suffered difficult situations, a few provisions are available for businesses that have incurred significant damages. To claim such damages, you’ll have to provide your evidence. Business owners implementing the above-evaluated pointers don’t have to worry about tax returns. All you need to do is hire an experienced tax preparer and take care of it.

About Complete Controller® – America’s Bookkeeping Experts Complete Controller is the Nation’s Leader in virtual bookkeeping, providing service to businesses and households alike. Utilizing Complete Controller’s technology, clients gain access to a cloud platform where their QuickBooks™️ file, critical financial documents, and back-office tools are hosted in an efficient SSO environment. Complete Controller’s team of certified US-based accounting professionals provide bookkeeping, record storage, performance reporting, and controller services including training, cash-flow management, budgeting and forecasting, process and controls advisement, and bill-pay. With flat-rate service plans, Complete Controller is the most cost-effective expert accounting solution for business, family-office, trusts, and households of any size or complexity.

If you are a millennial, you have likely spent your entire life lectured on why you need to save specific amounts of money and spend it on the things that matter. Most of this advice is somewhat unrealistic and unachievable as quickly as it may seem. This advice doesn’t consider the current circumstances of our generation and the problems we face. We are a unique generation that has grown up with technology and a higher education rate (which leads to higher levels of debt and student loans). Still, at the same time, we face hardships with an uncertain job market and a terrible economy. Given these factors, we must take control of our finances early on in our lives. Sticking to a budget will help you with that. A budget gives you balance and control over your income and spending and ensures your savings are on track for the future. However, budgeting can be tricky and stressful. Here are some tips and tricks to help you balance your budget like a pro.

Track Your Spending and Income

If you’re spending your money faster than you’re earning it, you’re on the wrong track, and it will cause you problems soon enough. You need to look at your spending habits and decide what needs to be changed. Invest some time tracking what money comes in and where it goes over a month or between two paychecks—monitoring everything from utilities to the Uber you booked on a night out. You will notice trends, making you understand where you are overspending and where your recurring payments are going. This insight will help you trim the excess off your spending.

Automate Savings

Being a part of a generation that has grown up with technology every step of the way, it is only wise to use that advancement to our advantage. Try using an app to automate your savings. These apps monitor your income and expenses and automatically transfer a small amount of money into your savings when you can afford them. Automation saves you from the pain of putting your money away when you could have spent it instead. Hence, it is more likely your money will be saved. You can then use this money for investments.

Use Public Transport

Taking an Uber or a taxi daily may not seem like a big deal initially, but it will drain your bank account. Opting for public transit might not seem like the most convenient option, but it will save you huge chunks of money in the long run. It will also not feel as good as using a car, but it will save you gas money and time depending on traffic conditions in your city.

Make Debt a Priority

As a millennial, there is a big chance that you have student loans or any other debts. You cannot afford to ignore your obligations or put them off, hoping you will come around to them. Try to create a basic budget, including bills, rent, groceries, clothing, and savings, then evaluate your expenses, determine if you can cut down a little on any of those expenses, and then decide how much you can put towards paying off your debts.

Create an Emergency Fund

The past year has been an eye-opener for most of us. The pandemic resulted in a loss of jobs for many, causing millennials to realize how little they save for emergencies. Start small by adding small amounts of money from your paycheck to the emergency fund until you have a month’s worth of expenses, then keep adding small amounts to this fund and don’t stop. The future is unpredictable, especially in tough times like these, and you never know when you might come face to face with an emergency and need to dig into the emergency fund.

Remember, only creating a budget is not good enough; staying on track and following the budget makes a difference.

About Complete Controller® – America’s Bookkeeping Experts Complete Controller is the Nation’s Leader in virtual bookkeeping, providing service to businesses and households alike. Utilizing Complete Controller’s technology, clients gain access to a cloud platform where their QuickBooks™️ file, critical financial documents, and back-office tools are hosted in an efficient SSO environment. Complete Controller’s team of certified US-based accounting professionals provide bookkeeping, record storage, performance reporting, and controller services including training, cash-flow management, budgeting and forecasting, process and controls advisement, and bill-pay. With flat-rate service plans, Complete Controller is the most cost-effective expert accounting solution for business, family-office, trusts, and households of any size or complexity.