A mortgage loan is a loan taken by an individual to purchase real estate or by property owners to raise money for any other transaction by mortgaging their property. A mortgage loan is one of the most common loans taken by individuals and businesses. Mortgage loans have an interest rate and amortize over some time, usually 30 years. This article discusses various types of mortgage loans and helps you decide the right one for you!
Fixed-Rate Loans
A fixed-rate loan is one of the most uncomplicated mortgage loans. The borrower must pay a single monthly interest rate, which usually ranges between 15-30%. The loan is for homeowners who avoid taking risks and want to pay a fixed amount until the life of the loan. The changes in the interest rate in the economy will not impact the mortgage loan; therefore, the borrower enjoys high predictability. However, a Fixed-Rate Loan is not for people who plan on moving to another house soon.
FHA Loan
An FHA loan is a type of mortgage insured by the Federal Housing Administration and is very popular amongst people buying their first home. The loan allows a down payment of 3.5% for people with a score above 580. The loan for people with credit scores between 500-579 gets a 10% down payment. The interest will be higher for people with low credit scores. To get an FHA loan, the borrower must be at least two years out of bankruptcy with a well-established credit score after the bankruptcy.
Conventional Mortgages
A conventional mortgage is a mortgage that the federal government does not insure. There are two types of traditional loans: non-conforming and conforming loans. A conforming loan is a loan that is within limits set by Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae. Non-conforming loans do not meet any such guidelines. The lenders pay private mortgage insurance on various conventional loans when 20% of the purchase price of the real estate is settled. The overall cost of borrowing a traditional mortgage is lower than other mortgages. However, sometimes the interest rate is higher.
Adjustable-Rate Mortgage
An adjustable-rate mortgage has an interest that keeps changing throughout the loan, with the country’s interest rate changing. The loan initially has a fixed interest rate for five to ten years, after which the interest rate changes as per the prevailing interest rate. The variable interest rate is based on an index rate benchmark that varies with the market conditions. The borrower enjoys a lower interest rate in the fixed-rate period than a traditional fixed-rate loan.
Non-Confirming Loans
Non-conforming loans are loans that exceed the limits of conforming loans. The conforming loan limit Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac set is $424,100 for the United States. The loan limit may go up to $635,050 for high-cost areas of the United States.
There are various types of Conforming Loans. A Jumbo Loan is a loan given to borrowers when the limit of their respective area has been exceeded. However, since the amount is higher, the Jumbo Loan is difficult to get. Most lenders require a score above 680 to qualify for the Jumbo Loan and a 15% – 20% down payment. Jumbo Loans go over 1 million and are called Super Jumbo Loans. Lenders may give up to 3 million to borrowers with an excellent credit score.
Cash-Out Refinance
A Cash-Out Refinance means that the mortgage is refinanced, and the cash is acquired using the house’s equity. The borrower will have to make one monthly mortgage payment, and the interest rates are lower than other equity loans. You can cash around 80% of the house’s value with the Cas-Out Refinance loan.
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